Daily Mail

NASA's Juno probe snaps a photo of Jupiter revealing its true colours

Daily Mail logo Daily Mail 02.09.2022 15:06:05 Fiona Jackson For Mailonline
Raw images taken by the JunoCam instrument were made available to the public, and that is when software engineer Björn Jónsson stepped in to process them

A NASA probe has captured stunning new images of Jupiter that show the gas giant in its 'true colours'.

The Juno spacecraft observed the complex colours and swirling patterns of the planet's clouds as it completed its 43rd close flyby on July 5.

Raw images taken by the JunoCam instrument were made available to the public, and that is when software engineer Björn Jónsson stepped in to process them.

Mr Jónsson processed one image to portray the approximate colours that would be seen by the human eye from Juno's vantage point.

Then he created another, using the same data, with an increased saturation and contrast which gave a clearer and more colourful view of Jupiter. 

At the time of the instrument's passing, it was about 3,300 miles (5,300 kilometres) above Jupiter's cloud tops, at a latitude of about 50 degrees.

The spacecraft was travelling at about 130,000 mph (209,000 kilometres per hour) relative to the planet.

Mr Jónsson, a citizen scientist and self-described advanced amateur planetary image processor, managed to depict the structure of Jupiter's clouds.

When he increased the colour saturation and contrast, small scale features were sharpened while reducing any compression artefacts and noise.

The variation of the colours results from differing chemical composition within the planet's atmosphere.

His processed images also show the three-dimensional nature of Jupiter's great swirling vortices, and the smaller, bright 'pop-up' clouds that form in the higher parts of the atmosphere. 

The Juno probe reached Jupiter on July 4, 2016, after a five-year, 1.8 billion-mile (2.8bn km) journey from Earth.

Following a successful braking manoeuvre, it entered into a long polar orbit flying to within 3,100 miles (5,000 km) of the planet's swirling cloud tops.

The probe skimmed to within just 2,600 miles (4,200 km) of the planet's clouds once a fortnight - too close to provide global coverage in a single image.

No previous spacecraft has orbited so close to Jupiter, although two others have been sent plunging to their destruction through its atmosphere.

The new images were promoted by NASA just a few days after the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) captured the stunning auroras glowing around Jupiter's north and south poles.

While Jupiter rotates, it drags its magnetic field that is bombarded by particles of solar wind, resulting in fluctuations that create auroras.

This is a similar process to how solar winds create the marvellous auroras on Earth.

Along with the glowing poles, the images show incredible detail of the turbulent atmosphere, rings around the planet and some of Jupiter's 79 moons can be seen glowing around the giant planet.

Astronomers working with JWST are just as surprised to see the stunning details in the images, with astronomer Imke de Pater saying he and the team did not expect the results to be this good.

'It's really remarkable that we can see details on Jupiter together with its rings, tiny satellites, and even galaxies in one image,' de Pater said, who is also a professor emerita of the University of California, Berkeley.

The images were taken with the telescope's Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), which is capable of detecting infrared light from the earliest stars and galaxies. 

vendredi 2 septembre 2022 18:06:05 Categories: Daily Mail

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