Protestors have marched through Perth's city streets marking three decades since the 1991 Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody report was tabled.
In Western Australia - where the rate of Indigenous incarceration is the highest in the nation - protestors carried black crosses to remember those who had died.
Among the calls for change were the abolition of mandatory sentencing, a raising of the age of criminal responsibility and government investment in justice reinvestment programs - where money is redirected from the prison system towards services that help prevent offending.
At the lunchtime rally, protestors acknowledged the deaths of people like 19-year-old Noongar man Stanley John Inman Jr, who took his own life at Perth's Acacia Prison last year.
Mr Inman's mother, Connie Moses, said his last words to her were "I love you, Mum".
Mr Inman is among the more than 450 Aboriginal people who have died in custody in Australia since the report was tabled.
Included in that figure is Ms Dhu, a 22-year-old Yamatji woman who died in 2014 after being in custody in South Hedland for unpaid fines.
Like Ms Dhu, Mr Inman was also part of a system that has a disproportionately high proportion of Aboriginal people.
As of December last year, more than 3.8 per cent of WA's indigenous population was imprisoned, compared to the national figure of 2.3 per cent.
WA has its own 'particular shame': AG
It is a system that WA Attorney-General John Quigley said he had a reform agenda to address.
"We have our own particular shame in Western Australia where up to 48 per cent of our male prisoner estate is indigenous," he said.
"Forty per cent drawn from 2.2 per cent of our population.
"Fifty-five or 56 per cent of our female estate is indigenous and about 80 per cent of our juvenile estate is indigenous.
"These are times that historians will write of that we lived in a period of shame."
The report said that prison should be a last resort for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, making 339 recommendations.
One of those was a custody notification system which was finally implemented in WA in 2019.
Last year, legislation was passed in the WA Parliament which made jail an option of last resort for the non-payment of fines.
Other reforms aimed at keeping Indigenous people out of prison which are gaining support around Australia include raising the age of criminal responsibility from 10 to 12.
That reform is being discussed by the state and territory attorneys-general, with WA taking a leading role.
Innovative ways of handling young offenders needed
Federal Labor senator Patrick Dodson - a commissioner for the royal commission - said it was important to find more innovative ways of handling young offenders, rather than "condemning" them to custody.
"Most people would be horrified to know that your child at 10 could be held in custody at some place alienated from your care and love," he said.
Federal Labor has also pledged to provide more funding towards justice reinvestment and establish real-time reporting of all deaths in custody, whether Indigenous or non-Indigenous.
"So that we're not reliant upon newspaper reports, as the government currently is, as to what's happening in this space," Mr Dodson said.